Calendario 2025 Uma: A Comprehensive Guide
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Calendario 2025 Uma: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction
Calendario 2025 Uma, also known as the Uma Calendar, is a traditional Andean calendar that has been used for centuries by the Quechua and Aymara peoples of the Andean region of South America. It is a complex and multifaceted calendar that incorporates astronomical observations, agricultural practices, and religious beliefs. This article provides a comprehensive guide to the Calendario 2025 Uma, including its history, structure, and significance.
History
The Calendario 2025 Uma has its origins in the ancient Andean civilization of the Incas. The Incas developed a sophisticated system of astronomy and mathematics, which they used to create a calendar that accurately tracked the solar year and the lunar cycles. The Uma Calendar was first developed in the 16th century by Spanish missionaries who sought to convert the Andean people to Christianity. However, the Uma Calendar quickly became a syncretic calendar that blended elements of both Andean and Christian traditions.
Structure
The Calendario 2025 Uma is a solar calendar that is based on the Earth’s orbit around the sun. It consists of 12 months, each of which is 30 days long. The months are named after agricultural activities or religious festivals. In addition to the 12 months, the Uma Calendar also includes a 5-day period at the end of the year known as the "Ñawpaq Wata." The Ñawpaq Wata is a time of reflection and preparation for the coming year.
Months
The 12 months of the Calendario 2025 Uma are as follows:
- Qhapaq Raymi (December 21 – January 20): The first month of the year, Qhapaq Raymi is a time of celebration and renewal. It is associated with the summer solstice and the harvest of crops.
- Qullqi Puquy (January 21 – February 19): This month is named after the Quechua word for "money" and is associated with trade and commerce.
- Pawqar Waray (February 20 – March 20): Pawqar Waray means "time of flowering" and is associated with the arrival of spring and the planting of crops.
- Inti Raymi (March 21 – April 20): Inti Raymi is a major festival that celebrates the sun god Inti. It is associated with the autumn equinox and the harvest of crops.
- Aymuray (April 21 – May 20): Aymuray means "time of rest" and is associated with the end of the harvest and the preparation for the winter.
- Inka Raymi (May 21 – June 20): Inka Raymi is a major festival that celebrates the Inca emperor. It is associated with the winter solstice and the beginning of the new year.
- Qhapaq Inti Raymi (June 21 – July 20): Qhapaq Inti Raymi is a time of celebration and thanksgiving. It is associated with the summer solstice and the harvest of crops.
- Yawar Mayu (July 21 – August 20): Yawar Mayu means "blood river" and is associated with the rainy season and the flooding of rivers.
- Killa Raymi (August 21 – September 20): Killa Raymi is a major festival that celebrates the moon goddess Killa. It is associated with the autumn equinox and the harvest of crops.
- Uma Raymi (September 21 – October 20): Uma Raymi is a time of reflection and preparation for the coming year. It is associated with the winter solstice and the end of the harvest.
- Qhapaq Pacha (October 21 – November 20): Qhapaq Pacha means "time of the ancestors" and is associated with the dead and the afterlife.
- Ayriwa (November 21 – December 20): Ayriwa means "time of the dead" and is associated with the end of the year and the preparation for the coming year.
Ñawpaq Wata
The Ñawpaq Wata is a 5-day period that occurs at the end of the Calendario 2025 Uma. It is a time of reflection and preparation for the coming year. During the Ñawpaq Wata, people clean their homes, make offerings to the gods, and prepare for the upcoming festivals.
Significance
The Calendario 2025 Uma is a vital part of Andean culture. It is used to regulate agricultural activities, religious festivals, and social events. The calendar also plays an important role in Andean cosmology and spirituality. For the Andean people, the calendar is a way of connecting with their ancestors, the natural world, and the divine.
Conclusion
The Calendario 2025 Uma is a complex and multifaceted calendar that has played an important role in Andean culture for centuries. It is a testament to the ingenuity and creativity of the Andean people and their deep connection to the natural world. The Uma Calendar continues to be used today by the Quechua and Aymara peoples of the Andean region, and it remains a vital part of their cultural heritage.
Closure
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